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Question # 1



Which unit of measurement, as formally defined, is an absolute unit that is used to quantify received signal power levels on a logarithmic scale?
A. SNI
B. VSWR
C. dBm
D. dBi



C.
  dBm

Explanation:

The unit of measurement that is an absolute unit and is used to quantify received signal power levels on a logarithmic scale is dBm. dBm stands for decibel-milliwatt and represents the power level relative to 1 milliwatt (mW). dBm is an absolute unit because it has a fixed reference point and does not depend on the input power level. dBm is used to measure the received signal power levels on a logarithmic scale because it can express large variations in power levels with small numbers and make calculations easier. For example, a 10 dB increase in power level means a 10-fold increase in power, and a 20 dB increase means a 100-fold increase in power.

References: [CWNP Certified Wireless Network Administrator Official Study Guide: ExamCWNA-109], page 66; [CWNA: Certified Wireless Network Administrator Official Study Guide: ExamCWNA-109], page 56.





Question # 2



An RF signal sometimes bends as it passes through some material other than free space. What is the term that describes this behavior?
A. Refraction
B. Warping
C. Scattering
D. Reflection



A.
  Refraction

Explanation:

Refraction is the bending of an RF signal as it passes through a medium with a different density than free space. This can cause the signal to change its direction and speed, which can affect the accuracy and reliability of wireless communication. Refraction is influenced by factors such as temperature, humidity, and atmospheric pressure12. References: CWNA-109 Study Guide, Chapter 2: Radio Frequency Fundamentals, page 72; CWNA-109Study Guide, Chapter 2: Radio Frequency Fundamentals, page 67.




Question # 3



You are performing a post-implementation validation survey. What basic tool can be used to easily locate areas of high co-channel interference?
A. Throughput tester
B. Laptop-based spectrum analyzer
C. Access point spectrum analyzer
D. Wi-Fi scanner



D.
  Wi-Fi scanner

Explanation:

A Wi-Fi scanner is a basic tool that can be used to easily locate areas of high co-channel interference. A Wi-Fi scanner is a software application that can run on a laptop, tablet, smartphone, or other device that has a Wi-Fi adapter. A Wi-Fi scanner can scan the wireless environment and display information about the detected access points and client stations, such as their SSID, BSSID, channel, signal strength, security, and data rate. A Wi-Fi scanner can also show the channel utilization and overlap of different access points, which can indicate the level of co-channel interference. Co-channel interference is a type of interference that occurs when multiple access points use the same or adjacent channels within the same coverage area. Co-channel interference can reduce the throughput and performance of the WLAN, as the access points and client stations have to contend for the channel access and avoid collisions. To identify areas of high co-channel interference, a Wi-Fi scanner can be used to measure the signal strength and channel utilization of different access points and compare them with a threshold or a baseline. Alternatively, a Wi-Fi scanner can also use a color-coded heat map to visualize the co-channel interference level in different locations. References: 1, Chapter 7, page 279; 2, Section 4.3




Question # 4



You were previously onsite at XYZ’s facility to conduct a pre-deployment RF site survey. The WLAN has been deployed according to your recommendations and you are onsite again to perform a post-deployment validation survey. When performing this type of post-deployment RF site survey voice over Wi-Fi, what is an action that must be performed?
A. Spectrum analysis to locate and identify RF interference sources.
B. Frequency-band hopping analysis to detect improper RF channel implementations.
C. Application analysis with an active phone call on an VoWiFi handset.
D. Protocol analysis to discover channel use on neighboring APs.



C.
  Application analysis with an active phone call on an VoWiFi handset.

Explanation:

When performing a post-deployment validation survey for voice over Wi-Fi (VoWiFi), an action that must be performed is Application analysis with an active phone call on a VoWiFi handset. Application analysis is a method of testing the performance of a specific application over the WLAN by measuring parameters such as throughput, latency, jitter, packet loss, MOS score, and R-value. Application analysis with an active phone call on a VoWiFi handset can help to evaluate the quality of service (QoS) and user experience of VoWiFi calls over the WLAN. It can also help to identify any issues or bottlenecks that may affect VoWiFi calls such as interference, roaming delays, or insufficient coverage.

References: [CWNP Certified Wireless Network Administrator Official Study Guide: ExamCWNA-109], page 549; [CWNA: Certified Wireless Network Administrator Official Study Guide: ExamCWNA-109], page 519.





Question # 5



What statement is true concerning the use of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) modulation method in IEEE 802.11 WLANs?
A. OFDM implements BPSK modulation to allow for data rates up to 7 Gbps.
B. OFDM was first introduced in 802.11a and is used by the ERP, HT and VHT PHYs as well.
C. OFDM modulation is used only in 5 GHz 802.11 transmissions.
D. OFDM was used by Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum (FHSS) PHY devices.



B.
  OFDM was first introduced in 802.11a and is used by the ERP, HT and VHT PHYs as well.

Explanation:

OFDM is a modulation method that divides the channel bandwidth into multiple subcarriers, each carrying a single data symbol. This allows for higher data rates and more robust transmissions in multipath environments. OFDM was first introduced inthe 802.11a standard, which operates in the 5 GHz band and supports data rates up to 54 Mbps. Later, the 802.11g standard adopted OFDM for the 2.4 GHz band, and the 802.11n and 802.11ac standards enhanced OFDM with features such as MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output), channel bonding, and higher-order modulation schemes to achieve data rates up to 600 Mbps and 6.9 Gbps, respectively. These standards are collectively known as the ERP (Extended Rate PHY), HT (High Throughput), and VHT (Very High Throughput) PHYs .

References: [CWNA-109 Study Guide], Chapter 4: Radio Frequency Signal and Antenna Concepts, page 163; [CWNA-109Study Guide], Chapter 4: Radio Frequency Signal and Antenna Concepts, page 157.





Question # 6



You administer a small WLAN with nine access point. As a small business, you do not rum a RADIUS server and use WPA2-Personal for security. Recently, you changed the passphrase for WPA2-personal in all Aps and clients. Several users are now reporting the inability to connect to the network at time and it is constrained to one area of the building. When using scanner, you see that the AP covering that area is online
A. The AP that covers the problem area requires a firmware update
B. The clients are improperly configured
C. The AP that covers the problem area has failed
D. The AP that covers the problem area is improperly configured



B.
  The clients are improperly configured

Explanation:

This is because the passphrase for WPA2-Personal is case-sensitive and must match exactly on both the AP and the client. If the passphrase is entered incorrectly on the client, the client will not be able to authenticate with the AP and connect to the network. The AP that covers the problem area is not likely to require a firmware update, fail, or be improperly configured, as it is online and works with other clients that have the correct passphrase. To troubleshoot this issue, you can check the passphrase settings on the clients and make sure they matchwith the AP. You can also try to reconnect the clients to the network or reboot them if necessary. For more information on how to configure WPA2-Personal on your router




Question # 7



What is an advantage of using WPA3-Personal instead of WPA2-Personal as a security solution for 802.11 networks?
A. WPA3-Personal, also called WPA3-SAE, uses an authentication exchange and WPA2-Personal does not
B. WPA3-Personal, also called WPA3-SAE, uses a stronger authentication exchange to better secure the network
C. WPA3-Personal, also called WPA3-SAE, uses AES for encryption and WPA2-Personal does not
D. WPA3-Personal, also called WPA3-SAE, uses a better encryption algorithm than WPA2-Personal



B.
  WPA3-Personal, also called WPA3-SAE, uses a stronger authentication exchange to better secure the network

Explanation:

An advantage of using WPA3-Personal instead of WPA2-Personal as a security solution for 802.11 networks is that WPA3-Personal, also called WPA3-SAE, uses a stronger authentication exchange to better secure the network. WPA3-Personal uses Simultaneous Authentication of Equals (SAE) as the key exchange protocol, which provides stronger protection against offline dictionary attacks and password guessing than WPA2-Personal. SAE uses a Diffie-Hellman key exchange with elliptic curve cryptography (ECC) to establish a pairwise master key (PMK) between the AP and the client without revealing it to any eavesdropper. SAE also provides forward secrecy, which means that if one PMK is compromised, it does not affect the security of other PMKs. WPA2-Personal uses Pre-Shared Key (PSK) as the key exchangeprotocol, which is vulnerable to offline brute-force attacks if the passphrase is weak or leaked. Both WPA3-Personal and WPA2-Personal use AES for encryption, so there is no difference in that aspect. WPA3-Personal does not use a different encryption algorithm than WPA2-Personal, but rather a different key exchange protocol.

References: [CWNP Certified Wireless Network Administrator Official Study Guide: ExamCWNA-109], page 307; [CWNA: Certified Wireless Network Administrator Official Study Guide: ExamCWNA-109], page 297.





Question # 8



When an ACK frame is not received by the transmitting STA, what is assumed?
A. The receiver processed the frame, but did not respond with an ACK frame because 802.11w is enabled
B. The frame was correctly delivered
C. The frame was not delivered and must be retransmitted
D. The receiver is offline



C.
  The frame was not delivered and must be retransmitted

Explanation:

An ACK (Acknowledgement) frame is a short control frame that is sent by the receiver of a data or management frame to confirm that the frame was received correctly. The ACK frame is sent after a SIFS (Short Interframe Space) interval, which is the shortest time gap between frames in 802.11. If the transmitter does not receive an ACK frame within a specified time, it assumes that the frame was not delivered and must be retransmitted. This is part of the 802.11 reliability mechanism that ensures reliable data delivery over an unreliable wireless medium .

References: [CWNA-109 Study Guide], Chapter 5: IEEE 802.11 Medium Access, page 209; [CWNA-109Study Guide], Chapter 5: IEEE 802.11 Medium Access, page 203.





Question # 9



What security solution is required to be used in place of Open System Authentication for all open network 802.11 implementations in the 6 GHz band?
A. OWE
B. Kerberos
C. WPA3-Enterprise
D. WPA3-SAE



A.
  OWE





Question # 10



In addition to coverage analysis results, what should be included in a post-deployment site survey report to ensure WLAN users experience acceptable performance?
A. WAN interface analysis results
B. Capacity analysis results
C. Application Layer protocol availability analysis results
D. Layer 4 protocol availability analysis results



B.
  Capacity analysis results

Explanation:

In addition to coverage analysis results, what should be included in a post-deployment site survey report to ensure WLAN users experience acceptable performance is Capacity analysis results. Capacity analysis is a method of testing the ability of the WLAN to support the expected number and type of users, devices, and applications. Capacity analysis can help to determine the optimal number and placement of access points, the appropriate channel and power settings, the required QoS policies, and the expected throughput and latency levels. Capacity analysis results can help to verify that the WLAN meets the performance requirements and service level agreements (SLAs) of the organization. References: [CWNP Certified Wireless Network Administrator Official Study Guide: ExamCWNA-109], page 548; [CWNA: Certified Wireless Network Administrator Official Study Guide: ExamCWNA-109], page 518.



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Certified Wireless Network Administrator Exam Dumps


Exam Code: CWNA-109
Exam Name: Certified Wireless Network Administrator

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