Google Professional-Cloud-Security-Engineer Test Dumps

A.   Add the host project containing the Shared VPC to the service perimeter.

B.   Create an egress firewall rule to allow traffic to the CIDR range of the repository with a priority less than 1000.

Answer DescriptionExplanation:

To allow Compute Engine instances to access public repositories for security updates while an egress firewall rule is in place to deny all internet traffic, you need to create a more specific egress rule that permits traffic to the CIDR range of the repository. The priority of this rule should be lower (i.e., a higher priority number) than the deny rule.

Steps:

Identify the CIDR Range: Determine the CIDR range of the public repository from which the security updates will be fetched. Create Egress Firewall Rule: Create a new egress firewall rule allowing traffic to the identified CIDR range with a priority less than 1000.

Apply Firewall Rule: Use the Google Cloud Console or gcloud command-line tool to apply the new firewall rule.

References:

Google Cloud: Firewall rules
Creating firewall rules

A.   Admin Activity logs


C.   Data Access logs

Answer DescriptionExplanation:

To keep track of "who did what, where, and when?" within GCP projects, the administrator should focus on Admin Activity logs and Data Access logs. Here’s a detailed explanation of why these two log streams are essential:

Admin Activity Logs:

These logs capture administrative actions performed in your Google Cloud resources. This includes actions like creating, modifying, or deleting resources.

Admin Activity logs provide detailed information about the user who performed the action, the resource that was affected, the action performed, and the timestamp.

Data Access Logs:

These logs capture read and write operations on data within your Google Cloud services. This includes actions like accessing or modifying data stored in databases, storage buckets, etc. Data Access logs help track the access patterns of users and services to sensitive data, providing insights into who accessed which data and when.

Steps to Enable and Access Logs:

Navigate to the Google Cloud Console.
Go to Logging in the left-hand menu.
Enable Admin Activity and Data Access logs if not already enabled.
Use Logs Explorer to filter and view specific logs based on your requirements.

By monitoring both Admin Activity and Data Access logs, administrators can gain comprehensive visibility into the actions performed on their GCP resources and data, ensuring robust security and compliance tracking.

References:

Google Cloud Logging Documentation
Audit Logs Overview

D.   Configure workload identity federation to use GitHub as an identity pool provider.

Answer DescriptionExplanation:

Challenge:

Ensuring secure access to Google Cloud resources from GitHub Actions CI/CD pipelines without directly managing service account keys.

Workload Identity Federation:

Allows for the delegation of access to Google Cloud resources based on federated identities, such as those from GitHub.

Benefits:

This approach eliminates the need to manage service account keys, reducing the risk of key leakage. It leverages GitHub's identity provider capabilities to authenticate and authorize access.

Steps to Configure Workload Identity Federation:

Step 1: Create a workload identity pool in Google Cloud.
Step 2: Add GitHub as an identity provider within the pool.
Step 3: Configure the necessary permissions and bindings for the identity pool to allow GitHub Actions to access Google Cloud resources.
Step 4: Update the GitHub Actions workflow to use the identity federation for authentication.

References:

Workload Identity Federation
Configuring Workload Identity Federation with GitHub

D.   Create a new service account, and grant it G Suite domain-wide delegation. Have the application use it to impersonate the user.

Answer DescriptionExplanation:

To access a user's Google Drive on their behalf without relying on the user's credentials and following Google-recommended practices, you should use a service account with domain-wide delegation.

Create a Service Account:

Go to the Cloud Console, navigate to IAM & Admin > Service Accounts.
Click "Create Service Account" and provide necessary details.
Grant Domain-Wide Delegation:
Edit the service account to enable "G Suite Domain-wide Delegation".
Download the JSON key file.

Configure API Access in G Suite:

Go to the Google Admin Console.
Navigate to Security > API Controls > Domain-wide Delegation.
Add a new API client and use the client ID from the service account.
Authorize the necessary API scopes (e.g., https://www.googleapis.com/auth/drive).

Implement in Application:

Use the Google API Client Library for the desired language.
Load the service account credentials and perform user impersonation to access Google Drive.
References:

Domain-wide Delegation of Authority
Using OAuth 2.0 for Server to Server Applications

C.   Configure Organizational Log Sinks to export logs to a Cloud Pub/Sub Topic, which will be sent to the SIEM via Dataflow.

Answer DescriptionExplanation:

Scenarios for exporting Cloud Logging data: Splunk This scenario shows how to export selected logs from Cloud Logging to Pub/Sub for ingestion into Splunk. Splunk is a security information and event management (SIEM) solution that supports several ways of ingesting data, such as receiving streaming data out of Google Cloud through Splunk HTTP Event Collector (HEC) or by fetching data from Google Cloud APIs through Splunk Add-on for Google Cloud. Using the Pub/Sub to Splunk Dataflow template, you can natively forward logs and events from a Pub/Sub topic into Splunk HEC. If Splunk HEC is not available in your Splunk deployment, you can use the Add-on to collect the logs and events from the Pub/Sub topic.

https://cloud.google.com/solutions/exporting-stackdriver-logging-for-splunk

C.   Identify inherited Identity and Access Management (1AM) roles on projects to be migrated.


E.   Remove the specific migration projects from any VPC Service Controls perimeters and bridges.

Answer DescriptionExplanation:

To prepare for migrating Google Cloud projects to a new organization node, it's crucial to ensure that the projects' current configurations and dependencies are appropriately managed. The two necessary preparation steps are:

Identify inherited Identity and Access Management (IAM) roles on projects to be migrated (C):

Projects inherit IAM roles from their parent resources. Identifying these roles is essential to understand the permissions and access levels that users have on the projects. This will help in ensuring that after migration, the appropriate roles and permissions are applied correctly.

Remove the specific migration projects from any VPC Service Controls perimeters and bridges (E):

VPC Service Controls provide security boundaries around your Google Cloud resources to mitigate data exfiltration risks. Before migrating the projects, they need to be removed from any existing VPC Service Controls perimeters and bridges to prevent any disruption in access or network communication. After migration, the projects can be added back to the necessary perimeters.

References

Google Cloud IAM documentation
VPC Service Controls documentation

A.   Use bucketing to shift values to a predetermined date based on the initial value.

Answer DescriptionExplanation:

"Date shifting techniques randomly shift a set of dates but preserve the sequence and duration of a period of time. Shifting dates is usually done in context to an individual or an entity. That is, each individual's dates are shifted by an amount of time that is unique to that individual."

A.   Set the minimum length for passwords to be 8 characters.

Answer DescriptionExplanation:

The minimum length for passwords in Cloud Identity can be set to 8 characters. This aligns with common security best practices for password policies, ensuring a basic level of complexity and security.

Step-by-Step:

Access Admin Console: Log in to the Google Admin console.
Navigate to Security Settings: Go to Security > Password Management.
Set Minimum Length: Set the minimum length for passwords to 8 characters.
Save Changes: Save the settings and ensure that all user accounts adhere to the new policy.

References:

Google Cloud Identity Security Settings
Password Policy Best Practicesv

A.   A rule that allows all outbound connections


B.   A rule that denies all inbound connections

Answer DescriptionExplanation:

Implied IPv4 allow egress rule. An egress rule whose action is allow, destination is 0.0.0.0/0, and priority is the lowest possible (65535) lets any instance send traffic to any destination Implied IPv4 deny ingress rule. An ingress rule whose action is deny, source is 0.0.0.0/0, and priority is the lowest possible (65535) protects all instances by blocking incoming connections to them.

https://cloud.google.com/vpc/docs/firewalls?hl=en#default_firewall_rules