User-Experience-Designer Practice Test

Explanation:

These are three of the four core principles of Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG), which provide a set of standards and best practices for making web content accessible to people with disabilities. The fourth principle is Perceivable, which means that the information and user interface components must be presented in ways that users can perceive. The principles are further divided into 13 guidelines and three levels of conformance (A, AA, and AAA).

References:

[Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) Overview]

[WCAG 2.1 at a Glance]

Explanation:

The usability of accordion elements in a mobile environment could be improved by expanding the first section by default. This is because it can provide the user with a clear indication of what kind of content is hidden in the accordion, and encourage them to explore the rest of the sections1. Expanding the first section by default can also reduce the user’s cognitive load, as they do not have to make a decision on which section to open first2. Moreover, expanding the first section by default can improve the accessibility of the accordion, as it can help screen reader users to understand the structure and purpose of the widget3.

Using the Back browser button to collapse content is not a good option, as it can confuse the user and break the expected browser behavior. The Back button is meant to navigate to the previous page, not to collapse an accordion section4. Using the Back button to collapse content can also create navigation issues, as the user might lose their current page or state4.

Moving an expanded section to the top of the screen is also not a good option, as it can disrupt the user’s spatial memory and orientation. Moving an expanded section to the top of the screen can change the order and position of the accordion sections, which can make it harder for the user to find and access the section they want5. It can also create a jarring and inconsistent user experience, as the user might not expect the content to move around the screen5.

References:

How to design the perfect accordion

Accordions: Design guidelines

Accessible Accordion - examples and best practices | Aditus

Don’t Use The Back Button To Modify Data

Usability of a mobile navigation consisting mostly of accordions?

Explanation:

The best option for improving the user experience of looking for and viewing commonly used reports is to update the Home page with access to commonly used reports. This way, the user can quickly access the reports they need without having to use the global search bar every time. This also follows the principle of designing for the user’s goals and tasks, which isone of the learning objectives for the Salesforce User Experience Designer certification. References: [Design for the User’s Goals and Tasks], [Change or Add Report Chart and Dashboard Components to Home Page]

https://trailhead.salesforce.com/en/content/learn/modules/ux-designer-certification-prep/design-for-the-users-goals-and-tasks : 1

Explanation:

Customer interviews are a qualitative research method that allows the UX Designer to understand the needs, goals, pain points, and behaviors of the target users. To conduct effective customer interviews, the UX Designer should follow some best practices, such as:

Engage in a friendly and informal way: The UX Designer should try to establish rapport and trust with the interviewee, and make them feel comfortable and relaxed. This can help elicit honest and candid responses, and encourage the interviewee to share more details and stories. The UX Designer should use a conversational tone, smile, and show interest and empathy12 Ask open-ended questions: The UX Designer should avoid asking yes/no questions, or questions that lead or suggest a specific answer. Instead, the UX Designer should ask open-ended questions that allow the interviewee to express their thoughts and feelings in their own words. The UX Designer should also probe deeper by asking follow-up questions, such as “why?”, “how?”, or “can you tell me more about that?” 12

Listen actively and attentively: The UX Designer should focus on listening to the interviewee, and avoid interrupting, judging, or correcting them. The UX Designer should also use verbal and non-verbal cues, such as nodding, eye contact, and paraphrasing, to show that they are paying attention and understanding the interviewee. The UX Designer should also take notes or record the interview, with the interviewee’s permission, for later analysis12

Ignore vague or general answers: This is not a best practice, because vague or general answers can indicate that the interviewee is not comfortable, engaged, or clear about the question. The UX Designer should try to clarify the question, or ask more specific or concrete questions, to elicit more meaningful and relevant responses12

Analyze findings in the moment: This is not a best practice, because analyzing findings in the moment can distract the UX Designer from listening to the interviewee, and bias their interpretation of the data. The UX Designer should wait until the interview is over, and review thenotes or recordings, before analyzing the findings and identifying patterns, insights, and opportunities12

References:

Customer Interviews: The Ultimate Guide - User Interviews

How to Conduct User Interviews - Interaction Design Foundation

Explanation:

A heuristic evaluation is a usability inspection method that involves having evaluators examine a user interface and assess its compliance with established usability principles (or “heuristics”). These heuristics are guidelines or rules of thumb that help identify common usability problems. During a heuristic evaluation, evaluators inspect the interface and identify potential usability issues based on the heuristics. The evaluators then report their findings to the designers or developers, who can use this feedback to improve the interface. Heuristic evaluation is a cost-effective and efficient way to identify usability problems early in the design process. It can be done quickly and does not require large groups of participants. It is particularly useful for identifying problems that may not be detected through user testing or surveys1.

A heuristic evaluation is the most suitable method for determining the portal’s compliance with recognized standard usability principles, such as Nielsen’s 10 heuristics for user interface design2. These heuristics cover aspects such as visibility of system status, match between system and the real world, user control and freedom, consistency and standards, error prevention, recognition rather than recall, flexibility and efficiency of use, aesthetic and minimalist design, help users recognize, diagnose, and recover from errors, and help and documentation. By applying these heuristics to the portal, the UX team can identify and prioritize the usability problems that need to be fixed. An intuitive review is a less formal and less rigorous method of usability inspection, where an evaluator relies on their own intuition and experience to judge the usability of an interface. An intuitive review does not follow a set of predefined heuristics or criteria, and it is more subjective and prone to bias. An intuitive review can be useful for getting a quick overview of the interface, but it is not as reliable or comprehensive as a heuristic evaluation3.

User testing is a usability evaluation method that involves observing and collecting data from actual or potential users as they perform tasks with the interface. User testing can provide valuable insights into how users interact with the interface, what difficulties they encounter, and what their preferences and expectations are. User testing can also measure the effectiveness, efficiency, and satisfaction of the interface. However, user testing is not the bestmethod for determining the compliance with standard usability principles, as it does not directly assess the interface against the heuristics. User testing is also more time-consuming, resource-intensive, and complex to conduct than heuristic evaluation4.

References: 1: A Comparison of User Testing and Heuristic Evaluation Methods for Identifying Website Usability Problems | SpringerLink 2: 10 Usability Heuristics for User Interface Design 3: Heuristic Evaluation of User Interfaces versus Usability Testing 4: Difference Between Heuristic Evaluation VS Usability Testing - Storyly