Question # 1
Which search command allows an analyst to match whatever is inside the parentheses as a single term in the index, even if it contains characters that are usually recognized as minor breakers such as periods or underscores? |
A. CASE() | B. LIKE() | C. FORMAT () | D. TERM () |
D. TERM ()
Explanation:
TheTERM()search command in Splunk allows an analyst to match a specific term exactly as it appears, even if it contains characters that are usually considered minor breakers, such as periods or underscores. By usingTERM(), the search engine treats everything inside the parentheses as a single term, which is especially useful for searching log data where certain values (like IP addresses or filenames) should be matched exactly as they appear in the logs.
Question # 2
An analyst is examining the logs for a web application’s login form. They see thousands of failed logon attempts using various usernames and passwords. Internet research indicates that these credentials may have been compiled by combining account information from several recent data breaches.
Which type of attack would this be an example of? |
A. Credential sniffing | B. Password cracking | C. Password spraying | D. Credential stuffing |
D. Credential stuffing
Explanation:
The scenario describes an attack where thousands of failed login attempts are made using various usernames and passwords, which is indicative of aCredential Stuffingattack. This type of attack involves using lists of stolen credentials (usernames and passwords) obtained from previous data breaches to attempt to gain unauthorized access to user accounts. Attackers take advantage of the fact that many users reuse passwords across multiple sites. UnlikePassword Spraying(which tries a few common passwords against many accounts) orPassword Cracking(which tries to guess or decrypt passwords), credential stuffing leverages large datasets of valid credentials obtained from other breaches.
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Question # 3
What goal of an Advanced Persistent Threat (APT) group aims to disrupt or damage on behalf of a cause? |
A. Hacktivism | B. Cyber espionage | C. Financial gain | D. Prestige |
A. Hacktivism
Explanation:
Hacktivismrefers to the use of hacking techniques by an Advanced Persistent Threat (APT) group to promote a political agenda or social cause. Unlike other motivations such as financial gain or espionage, the primary goal of hacktivism is to disrupt, damage, or deface systems to draw attention to a cause or to protest against something the group opposes.
Hacktivism:
APT groups motivated by hacktivism typically target organizations or entities that they see as adversaries to their cause. The attacks can range from defacing websites to launching Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks to disrupt services.
This form of cyber activity is intended to create awareness or send a message, often aligning with the group's ideological beliefs.
Incorrect Options:
B. Cyber espionage:Focuses on gathering intelligence and sensitive information, often for national or corporate advantage, not necessarily for disruption.
C. Financial gain:Involves attacks aimed at monetary theft, not ideologically driven disruption.
D. Prestige:While some attacks are motivated by the desire for recognition, hacktivism specifically refers to ideological causes.
Cybersecurity Literature:Books and articles on APT motivations often highlight hacktivism as a distinct category with a focus on ideological or political goals.
Question # 4
While the top command is utilized to find the most common values contained within a field, a Cyber Defense Analyst hunts for anomalies. Which of the following Splunk commands returns the least common values? |
A. least | B. uncommon | C. rare | D. base |
C. rare
Explanation:
In Splunk, therarecommand is used to return the least common values in a field. This command is particularly useful for anomaly detection, as it helps identify unusual or infrequent occurrences in a dataset, which may indicate potential security issues.
rare Command:
This command works by identifying values that appear infrequently within a specified field. It’s a powerful tool for Cyber Defense Analysts who are looking for anomalies that could signify malicious activities.
Incorrect Options:
A. least:This is not a valid Splunk command.
B. uncommon:This is not a valid Splunk command.
D. base:This is not a relevant command for finding the least common values.
Splunk Command Documentation:rare command usage for identifying uncommon values.
Question # 5
Which of the following use cases is best suited to be a Splunk SOAR Playbook? |
A. Forming hypothesis for Threat Hunting | B. Visualizing complex datasets. | C. Creating persistent field extractions. | D. Taking containment action on a compromised host |
D. Taking containment action on a compromised host
Explanation:
Splunk SOAR (Security Orchestration, Automation, and Response) playbooks are designed to automate security tasks, makingtaking containment action on a compromised hostthe best-suited use case. A SOAR playbook can automate the response actions such as isolating a host, blocking IPs, or disabling accounts, based on predefined criteria. This reduces response time and minimizes the impact of security incidents. The other options, like forming hypotheses for threat hunting or visualizing datasets, are more manual processes and less suited for automation via a playbook.
Question # 6
An analyst needs to create a new field at search time. Which Splunk command will dynamically extract additional fields as part of a Search pipeline? |
A. rex | B. fields | C. regex | D. eval |
A. rex
Explanation:
In Splunk, therexcommand is used to extract fields from raw event data using regular expressions. This command allows analysts to dynamically extract additional fields as part of a search pipeline, which is crucial for creating new fields during search time based on specific patterns found in the log data. Therexcommand is highly flexible and powerful, making it essential for refining and manipulating data in a Splunk environment. The other options (fields,regex,eval) have their uses, butrexis specifically designed for dynamic field extraction.
Question # 7
According to Splunk CIM documentation, which field in the Authentication Data Model represents the user who initiated a privilege escalation? |
A. username | B. src_user_id | C. src_user | D. dest_user |
C. src_user
Explanation:
According to Splunk CIM (Common Information Model) documentation, thesrc_userfield in the Authentication Data Model represents the user who initiated an action, including privilege escalation. This field is used to track the source user responsible for generating an authentication event, which is critical in understanding and responding to potential security incidents involving privilege escalation. The other fields likedest_userorusernamehave different roles, focusing on the target of the action or the general username involved.
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Question # 8
An analyst is investigating how an attacker successfully performs a brute-force attack to gain a foothold into an organizations systems. In the course of the investigation the analyst determines that the reason no alerts were generated is because the detection searches were configured to run against Windows data only and excluding any Linux data.
This is an example of what? |
A. A True Positive. | B. A True Negative. | C. A False Negative. | D. A False Positive. |
C. A False Negative.
Explanation:
This scenario is an example of aFalse Negativebecause the detection mechanisms failed to generate alerts for a brute-force attack due to a misconfiguration—specifically, the exclusion of Linux data from the detection searches. A False Negative occurs when a security control fails to detect an actual malicious activity that it is supposed to catch, leading to undetected attacks and potential breaches.
Question # 9
What is the main difference between a DDoS and a DoS attack? |
A. A DDoS attack is a type of physical attack, while a DoS attack is a type of cyberattack. | B. A DDoS attack uses a single source to target a single system, while a DoS attack uses multiple sources to target multiple systems. | C. A DDoS attack uses multiple sources to target a single system, while a DoS attack uses a single source to target a single or multiple systems. | D. A DDoS attack uses a single source to target multiple systems, while a DoS attack uses multiple sources to target a single system. |
C. A DDoS attack uses multiple sources to target a single system, while a DoS attack uses a single source to target a single or multiple systems.
Explanation:
The primary difference between a Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attack and a Denial of Service (DoS) attack is in the source of the attack. ADDoSattack involves multiple compromised systems (often part of a botnet) attacking a single target, overwhelming it with traffic or requests. In contrast, aDoSattack typically involves a single source attacking the target. The goal of both attacks is to make a service unavailable, but DDoS attacks are usually more difficult to defend against because of their distributed nature.
Question # 10
What device typically sits at a network perimeter to detect command and control and other potentially suspicious traffic? |
A. Host-based firewall | B. Web proxy | C. Web proxy | D. Endpoint Detection and Response
| E. Intrusion Detection System |
D. Endpoint Detection and Response
Explanation:
AnIntrusion Detection System (IDS)typically sits at the network perimeter and is designed to detect suspicious traffic, including command and control (C2) traffic and other potentially malicious activities.
Intrusion Detection Systems:
IDS are deployed at strategic points within the network, often at the perimeter, to monitor incoming and outgoing traffic for signs of malicious activity.
These systems are configured to detect various types of threats, including C2 traffic, which is a key indicator of compromised systems communicating with an attacker-controlled server.
Incorrect Options:
A. Host-based firewall:This is more focused on controlling traffic at the endpoint level, not at the network perimeter.
B. Web proxy:Primarily used for controlling and filtering web traffic, but not specifically designed to detect C2 traffic.
C. Endpoint Detection and Response (EDR):Focuses on endpoint protection rather than monitoring network perimeter traffic.
Network Security Practices:IDS implementation is a standard practice for perimeter security to detect early signs of network intrusion.
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Splunk Certified Cybersecurity Defense Analyst Exam Dumps
Exam Code: SPLK-5001
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