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After discovering some events that were missed in an initial investigation, an analyst determines this is because some events have an empty src field. Instead, the required data is often captured in another field called machine_name. What SPL could they use to find all relevant events across either field until the field extraction is fixed?
A. | eval src = coalesce(src,machine_name)
B. | eval src = src + machine_name
C. | eval src = src . machine_name
D. | eval src = tostring(machine_name)
Explanation:
Thecoalescefunction in Splunk is used to return the first non-null value from a list of fields. The SPL| eval src = coalesce(src,machine_name)allows the analyst to dynamically populate thesrcfield with the value frommachine_nameifsrcis empty. This is a useful technique when dealing with inconsistent data sources or during field extraction issues, ensuring that the analyst can continue their investigation without missing critical events.
What device typically sits at a network perimeter to detect command and control and other potentially suspicious traffic?
A. Host-based firewall
B. Web proxy
C. Web proxy
D. Endpoint Detection and Response
E. Intrusion Detection System
Explanation:
AnIntrusion Detection System (IDS)typically sits at the network perimeter and is designed to detect suspicious traffic, including command and control (C2) traffic and other potentially malicious activities.
Intrusion Detection Systems:
IDS are deployed at strategic points within the network, often at the perimeter, to monitor incoming and outgoing traffic for signs of malicious activity.
These systems are configured to detect various types of threats, including C2 traffic, which is a key indicator of compromised systems communicating with an attacker-controlled server.
Incorrect Options:
A. Host-based firewall:This is more focused on controlling traffic at the endpoint level, not at the network perimeter.
B. Web proxy:Primarily used for controlling and filtering web traffic, but not specifically designed to detect C2 traffic.
C. Endpoint Detection and Response (EDR):Focuses on endpoint protection rather than monitoring network perimeter traffic.
Network Security Practices:IDS implementation is a standard practice for perimeter security to detect early signs of network intrusion.
What is the main difference between a DDoS and a DoS attack?
A. A DDoS attack is a type of physical attack, while a DoS attack is a type of cyberattack.
B. A DDoS attack uses a single source to target a single system, while a DoS attack uses multiple sources to target multiple systems.
C. A DDoS attack uses multiple sources to target a single system, while a DoS attack uses a single source to target a single or multiple systems.
D. A DDoS attack uses a single source to target multiple systems, while a DoS attack uses multiple sources to target a single system.
Explanation:
The primary difference between a Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attack and a Denial of Service (DoS) attack is in the source of the attack. ADDoSattack involves multiple compromised systems (often part of a botnet) attacking a single target, overwhelming it with traffic or requests. In contrast, aDoSattack typically involves a single source attacking the target. The goal of both attacks is to make a service unavailable, but DDoS attacks are usually more difficult to defend against because of their distributed nature.
An analyst is investigating how an attacker successfully performs a brute-force attack to gain a foothold into an organizations systems. In the course of the investigation the analyst determines that the reason no alerts were generated is because the detection searches were configured to run against Windows data only and excluding any Linux data. This is an example of what?
A. A True Positive.
B. A True Negative.
C. A False Negative.
D. A False Positive.
Explanation:
This scenario is an example of aFalse Negativebecause the detection mechanisms failed to generate alerts for a brute-force attack due to a misconfiguration—specifically, the exclusion of Linux data from the detection searches. A False Negative occurs when a security control fails to detect an actual malicious activity that it is supposed to catch, leading to undetected attacks and potential breaches.
According to Splunk CIM documentation, which field in the Authentication Data Model represents the user who initiated a privilege escalation?
A. username
B. src_user_id
C. src_user
D. dest_user
Explanation:
According to Splunk CIM (Common Information Model) documentation, thesrc_userfield in the Authentication Data Model represents the user who initiated an action, including privilege escalation. This field is used to track the source user responsible for generating an authentication event, which is critical in understanding and responding to potential security incidents involving privilege escalation. The other fields likedest_userorusernamehave different roles, focusing on the target of the action or the general username involved.
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