PMP Practice Test

One iteration

Explanation:

An agile project manager would like to convert the requirements document into epics, capabilities, features and stories in order to create a product backlog that can be prioritized and refined by the agile team and the product owner. The product backlog is a dynamic and evolving artifact that represents the customer’s needs and expectations for the product. To estimate the story duration, the agile project manager should use the team’s historical data and empirical evidence from previous iterations. The agile project manager should also involve the team members who will perform the work in the estimation process, as they have the best knowledge and expertise about the tasks and the complexity involved. The agile project manager should estimate the story duration in one iteration, as this is the timebox for delivering a potentially releasable product increment. Estimating the story duration in one iteration allows the agile project manager to plan and monitor the iteration progress, adjust the scope and priorities based on feedback and changes, and ensure that the team delivers value to the customer in a timely manner. Estimating the story duration in more than one iteration would introduce uncertainty and risk, as the team’s velocity, the customer’s requirements, and the product’s quality might change over time. Estimating the story duration in less than one iteration would not be feasible, as the team would not have enough time to complete the work and validate the results.

References:
PMBOK Guide, 6th edition, Section 6.2, 6.3, 6.4, 6.5, Agile Practice Guide, Section 3.2, 3.3, 4.2, 4.3

Security and performance testing

Story testing

Tests based on behavior and test-driven development

Explanation:

According to the Agile Testing: A Practical Guide For Testers And Agile Teams1, security and performance testing are two types of nonfunctional testing that are important for agile teams. Security testing ensures that the system is protected from unauthorized access, data loss, or corruption. Performance testing measures how the system responds to different levels of load, stress, and concurrency. These types of testing can be done at different levels of granularity, from unit testing to system testing, and can use tools such as JMeter, LoadRunner, or Selenium.

Story testing is a type of functional testing that verifies that the system meets the acceptance criteria of each user story. User stories are short descriptions of the features or functionalities that the customer wants from the system. Story testing can be done by the developers, testers, or customers, and can use tools such as FitNesse, Cucumber, or SpecFlow.

Tests based on behavior and test-driven development are two approaches that support agile testing practices. Behavior-driven development (BDD) is a technique that uses natural language to describe the expected behavior of the system in different scenarios. Test-driven development (TDD) is a technique that involves writing the tests before the code, and then refactoring the code to make the tests pass. Both BDD and TDD help to clarify the requirements, design the system, and ensure the quality of the code. They can use tools such as JUnit, NUnit, or RSpec.

References: (Professional in Business Analysis Reference Materials source and documents)

• Agile Testing: A Practical Guide For Testers And Agile Teams, Lisa Crispin and Janet Gregory, Addison-Wesley Professional, 2009
• Scrum Testing: A Detailed Guide to Testing on an Agile Team, Testim, Accessed on January 29, 2024
• Agile Testing Best Practices & Why They Matter, Atlassian, Accessed on January 29, 2024

Submit a change request.

Explanation:

The project manager should submit a change request to update the scope of work, the schedule, and the budget to accommodate the missing deliverable. A change request is a formal proposal to modify any aspect of the project, such as the scope, schedule, cost, quality, resources, or risks. A change request must be documented, reviewed, approved, and communicated by following the change control process. The change control process is part of the perform integrated change control process, which is one of the processes in the project integration management knowledge area. By submitting a change request, the project manager can ensure that the missing deliverable is properly identified, analyzed, and integrated into the project plan, and that the impact on the project objectives and constraints is minimized. The other options are not correct. Adding additional resources to the project may not solve the problem of the missing deliverable, and it may also introduce new risks, costs, and communication issues. Updating the scope of work without submitting a change request may lead to scope creep, which is the uncontrolled expansion of the project scope without proper authorization and approval.

Reviewing the risk management plan may help to identify and mitigate any potential risks related to the missing deliverable, but it does not address the root cause of the problem or the impact on the project plan.

References: PMBOK Guide, 6th edition, Chapter 4.6, 5.6, How to Manage Change Requests on a Project- PMI

Collaborate with the compliance team member to review and prioritize the requirement’s delivery

Explanation:

The project manager should collaborate with the compliance team member to review and prioritize the requirement’s delivery, as this is a way to manage the change request and ensure that the project meets the compliance standards and expectations. The project manager should also communicate the impact of the change on the project scope, schedule, cost, and quality to the project sponsor and other stakeholders, and obtain their approval and support. The project manager should not ask the team to include the compliance requirement in the current sprint and deliver it (choice A), as this would disrupt the sprint planning and execution, and create scope creep and quality issues. The project manager should not add the new compliance requirement to the backlog as the technical team does not have any capacity (choice B), as this would delay the delivery of the compliance requirement and expose the project to legal and regulatory risks. The project manager should not include the compliance lead in the stakeholders list and wait for the next status meeting (choice C), as this would not address the urgency and importance of the compliance requirement, and it would not involve the compliance lead in the decision-making and problem-solving process. 

References:

• PMBOK Guide, 6th edition, page 115: “A change request is a formal proposal to modify any document, deliverable, or baseline.”
• PMBOK Guide, 6th edition, page 119: “The project manager should review all change requests, assess their impact on the project, and either approve them or submit them to the change control board (CCB) or other decision-making authority for approval or rejection.”
• PMBOK Guide, 6th edition, page 120: “The project manager should communicate the approved change requests to the project team and other stakeholders, and update the project management plan and other project documents accordingly.”
• PMBOK Guide, 6th edition, page 39: “Compliance requirements are the set of standards or regulations that the project must adhere to, such as health, safety, security, performance, environmental, or quality standards.”

Break down the requirements and prioritize the requirements into iterative work packages

Explanation:

A hybrid approach combines predictive and adaptive elements to deliver projects. In a hybrid approach, the project manager can break down the requirements into smaller and manageable chunks, and prioritize them based on their value and risk. This way, the project manager can deliver the most important and uncertain requirements first, and get feedback from the stakeholders and customers. This feedback can help clarify the unclear requirements and improve the quality of the project deliverables. The project manager can also adjust the delivery plan based on the changing requirements and environment. A hybrid approach is suitable for projects that have some degree of uncertainty and complexity, and that need to respond to changing customer needs and expectations. 

References:

• A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK Guide) – Seventh Edition, Chapter 2: Value Delivery System, Section 2.3: Delivery Approaches, pp. 31-35
• Project Management Professional (PMP) Handbook, Section 2.2: PMP Exam Content Outline, Domain II: Process, Task 1: Plan and manage project scope, pp. 14-15
• Hybrid Project Management: What It Is & How to Implement It, by Simplilearn, published on February 10, 2020