Cloud Security Alliance CCZT Test Dumps

A.   Understand and identify the data and assets that need to be protected

Answer DescriptionExplanation:

The first step that organizations should take to strengthen access requirements and protect their resources from unauthorized access by potential cyber threats is to understand and identify the data and assets that need to be protected. This step involves conducting a data and asset inventory and classification, which helps to determine the value, sensitivity, ownership, and location of the data and assets. By understanding and identifying the data and assets that need to be protected, organizations can define the appropriate access policies and controls based on the Zero Trust principles of never trust, always verify, and assume breach.

References

Certificate of Competence in Zero Trust (CCZT) - Cloud Security Alliance, Zero Trust Training (ZTT) - Module 2: Data and Asset Classification

D.   Single packet authorization (SPA)

Answer DescriptionExplanation:

SPA is a security protocol that prevents device impersonation attacks in a ZTA by hiding the network infrastructure from unauthorized and unauthenticated users. SPA uses a single encrypted packet to convey the user’s identity and request access to a resource. The SPA packet must be digitally signed and authenticated by the SPA server before granting access. This ensures that only authorized devices can send valid SPA packets and prevents spoofing, replay, or brute-force attacks12.

References

Zero Trust: Single Packet Authorization | Passive authorization
Single Packet Authorization | Linux Journal

C.   The policy engine (PE)

Answer DescriptionExplanation:

The policy engine (PE) is the component in a ZTA that is responsible for deciding whether to grant access to a resource. The PE evaluates the policies and the contextual data collected from various sources, such as the user identity, the device posture, the network location, the resource attributes, and the environmental factors, and then generates an access decision. The PE communicates the access decision to the policy enforcement point (PEP), which enforces the decision on the resource.

References

Certificate of Competence in Zero Trust (CCZT) prepkit, page 14, section 2.2.2
What Is Zero Trust Architecture (ZTA)? - F5, section “Policy Engine”
What is Zero Trust Architecture (ZTA)? | NextLabs, section “Core Components”
[SP 800-207, Zero Trust Architecture], page 11, section 3.3.1

A.   Data and asset classification

Answer DescriptionExplanation:

Data and asset classification is a prerequisite action to understand the organization’s protect surface clearly because it helps to identify the most critical and sensitive data and assets that need to be protected by Zero Trust principles. Data and asset classification also helps to define the appropriate policies and controls for different levels of data and asset sensitivity.

References

Certificate of Competence in Zero Trust (CCZT) - Cloud Security Alliance, Zero Trust Training (ZTT) - Module 2: Data and Asset Classification

D.   Broken access control

Answer DescriptionExplanation:

SDP mitigates the risk of broken access control by mandating micro-segmentation and implementing least privilege. Micro-segmentation divides the network into smaller, isolated segments that can prevent unauthorized access and contain lateral movement. Least privilege grants the minimum necessary access to users and devices for specific resources, while hiding all other assets from their view. This reduces the attack surface and prevents attackers from exploiting weak or misconfigured access controls

C.   engage stakeholders across the organization and at all levels, including functional areas

Answer DescriptionExplanation:

Device validation helps establish a trusted connection based on certificate-based keys in a ZT deployment. Device validation is the process of verifying the identity and posture of the devices that request access to the protected resources. Device validation relies on the use of certificates, which are digital credentials that bind the device identity to a public key. Certificates are issued by a trusted authority and can be used to authenticate the device and encrypt the communication. Device validation helps to ensure that only healthy and compliant devices can access the resources, and that the connection is secure and confidential.

References

Certificate of Competence in Zero Trust (CCZT) prepkit, page 15, section 2.2.3
Zero Trust and Windows device health - Windows Security, section “Device health attestation on Windows”
Devices and zero trust | Google Cloud Blog, section “In a zero trust environment, every device has to earn trust in order to be granted access.”

C.   Trusted connection based on certificate-based keys

Answer DescriptionExplanation:

Device validation helps establish a trusted connection based on certificate-based keys in a ZT deployment. Device validation is the process of verifying the identity and posture of the devices that request access to the protected resources. Device validation relies on the use of certificates, which are digital credentials that bind the device identity to a public key. Certificates are issued by a trusted authority and can be used to authenticate the device and encrypt the communication. Device validation helps to ensure that only healthy and compliant devices can access the resources, and that the connection is secure and confidential.

References

Certificate of Competence in Zero Trust (CCZT) prepkit, page 15, section 2.2.3
Zero Trust and Windows device health - Windows Security, section “Device health attestation on Windows”
Devices and zero trust | Google Cloud Blog, section “In a zero trust environment, every device has to earn trust in order to be granted access.”

B.   ZT administrators

Answer DescriptionExplanation:

In a continual improvement model, policy administrators are the ones who maintain the ZT policies. Policy administrators are ZTA policy entities that are responsible for crafting and maintaining the policies that govern the access to resources in a ZT environment1. Policy administrators define the rules and conditions that specify who, what, when, where, and how an entity can access a resource, based on the principle of least privilege2. Policy administrators also update and review the policies periodically to ensure they are aligned with the changing business and security requirements3.

References

Zero Trust Architecture | NIST<br>
Zero Trust Architecture: Policy Engine and Policy Administrator<br>
Zero Trust Architecture: Policy Administration<br>

B.   Business continuity and disaster recovery

Answer DescriptionExplanation:

Business continuity and disaster recovery are the activities of the ZT implementation preparation phase that ensure the resiliency of the organization’s operations in the event of disruption. Business continuity refers to the process of maintaining or restoring the essential functions of the organization during and after a crisis, such as a natural disaster, a cyberattack, or a pandemic. Disaster recovery refers to the process of recovering the IT systems, data, and infrastructure that support the business continuity. ZT implementation requires planning and testing the business continuity and disaster recovery strategies and procedures, as well as aligning them with the ZT policies and controls.

References

Zero Trust Planning - Cloud Security Alliance, section “Monitor & Measure”
Zero Trust architecture: a paradigm shift in cybersecurity - PwC, section “Continuous monitoring and improvement”
Zero Trust Implementation, section “Outline Zero Trust Architecture (ZTA) implementation steps”

B.   A comprehensive catalogue of all transactions, dependencies, and services with associated IDs

Answer DescriptionExplanation:

A comprehensive catalogue of all transactions, dependencies, and services with associated IDs is a potential outcome of an effective ZT implementation because it helps to map the data flows and interactions among the assets and entities in the ZTA. This catalogue enables the ZTA to enforce granular and dynamic policies based on the context and attributes of the transactions, dependencies, and services. It also facilitates the monitoring and auditing of the ZTA activities and performance.

References = Certificate of Competence in Zero Trust (CCZT) - Cloud Security Alliance, Zero Trust Training (ZTT) - Module 3: ZTA Architecture and Components