Question # 1
| Andrew Gerrard has been working as a cloud security engineer in an MNC for the past 3 years. His organization uses cloud-based services and it has implemented a DR plan. Andrew wants to ensure that the DR plan works efficiently and his organization can recover and continue with its normal operation when a disaster strikes.
Therefore, the owner of the DR plan, Andrew, and other team members involved in the development and implementation of the DR plan examined it to determine the inconsistencies and missing elements. Based on the given scenario, which of the following type of DR testing was performed in Andrew's organization? |
| A. Plan Review
| | B. Simulation | | C. Stimulation
| | D. Table-top exercise |
A. Plan Review
Explanation:
Disaster Recovery (DR) Testing: DR testing is a critical component of a disaster recovery plan (DRP). It ensures that the plan is effective and can be executed in the event of a disaster1.
Plan Review: A plan review is a type of DR testing where stakeholders involved in the development and implementation of the DRP closely examine the plan to identify any inconsistencies or missing elements1.
Purpose of Plan Review: The goal of a plan review is to ensure that the DRP is comprehensive, up-to-date, and capable of being implemented as intended. It involves a thorough examination of the plan’s components1.
Scenario in Question: In the scenario described, Andrew Gerrard and his team are reviewing their DRP to determine inconsistencies and missing elements. This aligns with the activities involved in a plan review1.
Exclusion of Other Options: While simulation tests and table-top exercises are also types of DR testing, they involve more active testing of the DRP’s procedures. Since the scenario specifically mentions examining the plan for inconsistencies and missing elements, it indicates a plan review rather than a simulation or exercise1.
Question # 2
| Sam, a cloud admin, works for a technology company that uses Azure resources. Because Azure contains the resources of numerous organizations and several alerts are received timely, it is difficult for the technology company to identify risky resources, determine their owner, know whether they are needed, and know who pays for them. How can Sam organize resources to determine this information immediately?
|
| A. By using tags
| | B. By setting up Azure Front Door
| | C. By configuring workflow automation
| | D. By using ASC Data Connector
|
A. By using tags
Question # 3
| Christina Hendricks recently joined an MNC as a cloud security engineer. Owing to robust provisions for storing an enormous quantity of data, security features, and cost-effective services offered by AWS, her organization migrated its applications and data from an on-premises environment to the AWS cloud. Christina's organization generates structured, unstructured, and semi-structured data. Christina's team leader asked her to store block-level data in AWS storage services. Which of the following AWS storage services should be used by Christina to store block-level data? |
| A. Amazon EBS
| | B. Amazon Glacier
| | C. Amazon EFS
| | D. Amazon S3
|
A. Amazon EBS
Explanation:
Block-Level Storage: Block-level storage is a type of data storage typically used for storing file systems and handling raw storage volumes. It allows for individual management of data blocks1.
Amazon EBS: Amazon Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS) provides high-performance block storage service designed for use with Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2) for both throughput and transaction-intensive workloads at any scale2.
Data Types: Amazon EBS is suitable for structured, unstructured, and semi-structured data, making it a versatile choice for Christina’s organization’s needs2.
Use Cases: Common use cases for Amazon EBS include databases, enterprise applications, containerized applications, big data analytics engines, file systems, and media workflows2.
Exclusion of Other Options: Amazon Glacier is for long-term archival storage, Amazon EFS is for file storage, and Amazon S3 is for object storage. These services do not provide block-level storage like Amazon EBS does3.
Question # 4
| Terry Diab has an experience of 6 years as a cloud security engineer. She recently joined a multinational company as a senior cloud security engineer. Terry learned that there is a high probability that her organizational applications could be hacked and user data such as passwords, usernames, and account information can be exploited by an attacker. The organizational applications have not yet been hacked, but this issue requires urgent action. Therefore, Terry, along with her team, released a software update that is designed to resolve this problem instantly with a quick-release procedure. Terry successfully fixed the problem (bug) in the software product immediately without following the normal quality assurance procedures. Terry's team resolved the problem immediately on the live system with zero downtime for users. Based on the given
information, which of the following type of update was implemented by Terry? |
| A. Patch | | B. Rollback | | C. Hotfix | | D. Version update
|
C. Hotfix
Question # 5
| Jack Jensen works as a cloud security engineer in an IT company located in Madison, Wisconsin. Owing to the various security services provided by Google, in 2012, his organization adopted Google cloud-based services. Jack would like to identify security abnormalities to secure his organizational data and workload. Which of the following is a built-in feature in the Security Command Center that utilizes behavioral signals to detect security abnormalities such as unusual activity and leaked credentials in virtual machines or GCP projects?
|
| A. Anomaly Detector
| | B. Security Health Analytics
| | C. Cloud Armor
| | D. Cloud Anomaly Detection
|
B. Security Health Analytics
Question # 6
| Simon recently joined a multinational company as a cloud security engineer. Due to robust security services and products provided by AWS, his organization has been using AWS cloud-based services. Simon has launched an Amazon EC2 Linux instance to deploy an application. He would like to secure Linux AMI. Which of the following command should Simon run in the EC2 instance to disable user account passwords?
|
| A. passwd -D < USERNAME >
| | B. passwd -I < USERNAME >
| | C. passwd -d < USERNAME >
| | D. passwd -L < USERNAME >
|
D. passwd -L < USERNAME >
Explanation:
To disable user account passwords on an Amazon EC2 Linux instance, Simon should use the command passwd -L . Here's the detailed explanation:
passwd Command: The passwd command is used to update a user's authentication tokens (passwords).
-L Option: The -L option is used to lock the password of the specified user account, effectively disabling the password without deleting the user account itself.
Security Measure: Disabling passwords ensures that the user cannot authenticate using a password, thereby enhancing the security of the instance.
References:
AWS Documentation: Securing Access to Amazon EC2 Instances
Linux man-pages: passwd(1)
Question # 7
| A cloud organization, AZS, wants to maintain homogeneity in its cloud operations because the CPU speed measured by AZS varies and the measurement units lack consistency in the standards. For example, AWS defines the CPU speed with Elastic Compute Unit, Google with Google Compute Engine Unit, and Microsoft with clock speed. Here, which cloud computing standard can leverage frameworks and architectures specific to the cloud for maintaining homogeneity in operations?
|
| A. occ | | B. DMTF | | C. NIST | | D. CSA |
C. NIST
Question # 8
| AWS runs 35+ instances that are all CentOS machines. Updating these machines manually is a time-intensive task that may lead to missed updates for some instances and create vulnerabilities. Which of the following can be used to prevent each port of each instance from being opened to access the machine and install updates?
|
| A. AWS Security Hub
| | B. AWS Systems Manager
| | C. Amazon Glacier
| | D. Amazon Snowball
|
B. AWS Systems Manager
Question # 9
| Georgia Lyman works as a cloud security engineer in a multinational company. Her organization uses cloud-based services. Its virtualized networks and associated virtualized resources encountered certain capacity limitations that affected the data transfer performance and virtual server communication. How can Georgia eliminate the data transfer capacity thresholds imposed on a virtual server by its virtualized environment? |
| A. By allowing the virtual appliance to bypass the hypervisor and access the I/O card of the physical server directly
| | B. By restricting the virtual appliance to bypass the hypervisor and access the I/O card of the physical server directly | | C. By restricting the virtual server to bypass the hypervisor and access the I/O card of the physical server directly
| | D. By allowing the virtual server to bypass the hypervisor and access the I/O card of the physical server directly
|
D. By allowing the virtual server to bypass the hypervisor and access the I/O card of the physical server directly
Question # 10
| An organization uses AWS for its operations. It is observed that the organization's EC2 instance is
communicating with a suspicious port. Forensic investigators need to understand the patterns of the current security breach. Which log source on the AWS platform can provide investigators with data of evidentiary value during their investigation? |
| A. Amazon CloudTrail | | B. Amazon CloudWatch | | C. Amazon VPC flow logs | | D. S3 Server Access Logs |
C. Amazon VPC flow logs
Explanation:
Understanding the Incident: When an EC2 instance communicates with a suspicious port, it’s crucial to analyze network traffic to understand the patterns of the security breach1.
Log Sources for Forensic Investigation: AWS provides several log sources that can be used for forensic investigations, including AWS CloudTrail, AWS Config, VPC Flow Logs, and host-level logs1.
Amazon VPC Flow Logs: These logs capture information about the IP traffic going to and from network interfaces in a Virtual Private Cloud (VPC). They are particularly useful for understanding network-level interactions, which is essential in this case1.
Evidentiary Value: VPC flow logs can provide data with evidentiary value, showing the source, destination, and protocol used in the network traffic, which can help investigators identify patterns related to the security breach1.
Other Log Sources: While Amazon CloudTrail and Amazon CloudWatch provide valuable information on user activities and metrics, respectively, they do not offer the detailed network traffic insights needed for this specific forensic investigation1.
References:
AWS Security Incident Response Guide’s section on Forensics on AWS1.
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