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Martin, a hacker, aimed to crash a target system. For this purpose, he spoofed the source IP address with the target's IP address and sent many ICMP ECHO request packets to an IP broadcast network, causing all the hosts to respond to the received ICMP ECHO requests and ultimately crashing the target machine. Identify the type of attack performed by Martin in the above scenario.
A. UDP flood attack
B. Multi vector attack
C. Smurf attack
D. Fragmentation attack
Explanation: In the scenario described, Martin conducted a Smurf attack. This type of attack involves spoofing the source IP address with the target’s IP address and sending ICMP ECHO request packets to an IP broadcast network. The broadcast network then amplifies the traffic by directing it to all hosts, which respond to the ICMP ECHO requests. This flood of responses is sent back to the spoofed source IP address, which is the target system, leading to its overload and potential crash. The Smurf attack is a type of distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) attack that exploits the vulnerabilities of the Internet Protocol (IP) and the Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP).
An organization decided to strengthen the security of its network by studying and analyzing the behavior of attackers. For this purpose. Steven, a security analyst, was instructed to deploy a device to bait attackers. Steven selected a solution that appears to contain very useful information to lure attackers and find their locations and techniques. Identify the type of device deployed by Steven in the above scenario.
A. Firewall
B. Router
C. Intrusion detection system
D. Honeypot
Explanation: Steven deployed a honeypot in the scenario. A honeypot is a simulation of an IT system or software application that acts as bait to attract the attention of attackers. While it appears to be a legitimate target, it is actually fake and carefully monitored by an IT security team. The purpose of a honeypot includes distraction (diverting attackers’ attention), threat intelligence (revealing attack methods), and research/training for security professionals.
Clark, a digital forensic expert, was assigned to investigate a malicious activity performed on an organization's network. The organization provided Clark with all the information related to the incident. In this process, he assessed the impact of the incident on the organization, reasons for and source of the incident, steps required to tackle the incident, investigating team required to handle the case, investigative procedures, and possible outcome of the forensic process. Identify the type of analysis performed by Clark in the above scenario.
A. Data analysis
B. Log analysis
C. Traffic analysis
D. Case analysis
Explanation: In the given scenario, Clark performed a case analysis. This involves assessing the impact of the incident, understanding its reasons and source, determining the necessary steps to address it, assembling an investigative team, defining investigative procedures, and considering potential outcomes of the forensic process. Case analysis is crucial in digital forensics to effectively handle incidents and gather relevant evidence.
Which of the following layers of the loT architecture is responsible for delivering services to respective users from different sectors such as building, industrial, manufacturing, automobile, security, and healthcare?
A. Middleware layer
B. Access gateway layer
C. Application layer
D. Edge technology layer
Explanation: The application layer in IoT architecture is responsible for delivering services to respective users from different sectors such as building, industrial, manufacturing, automobile, security, and healthcare. It provides the user interfaces and applications that interact with IoT devices and systems.
Identify the backup mechanism that is performed within the organization using external devices such as hard disks and requires human interaction to perform the backup operations, thus, making it suspect able to theft or natural disasters.
A. Offsite data backup
B. Cloud data backup
C. Online data backup
D. Onsite data backup
Explanation: The backup mechanism described in the scenario, which involves using external devices (such as hard disks) and requires human interaction for backup operations, is known as onsite data backup. In this approach, backups are stored within the organization’s premises, making them susceptible to theft, damage, or natural disasters. It is essential to consider additional offsite or cloud-based backup solutions to enhance data resilience and security.
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